The Chosen - Malters Development Essays - The Chosen, The Promise

The Chosen - Malter's Development One of the most passionate scenes from Chaim Potok's The Chosen is when Reuven goes with Danny Saunders to converse with his dad. Danny has an incredible brain and needs to utilize it to contemplate brain science, not become a Hasidic tzaddik. The two go into Reb Saunders' examination to disclose to him what will occur, and before Danny can bring it up, his dad does. Reb Saunders discloses to the two companions that he definitely known that Reuven will go for his smicha and Danny, who is in line to become the following tzaddik of his kin, won't. This identifies with the theme of Distinction and the subject of Danny's decision of going with the family tradition or to what his heart drives him. The most creating character from the novel is Reuven Malter. One of the ways that he developes in the novel is in hus understanding of kinship. His fellowship with Dfanny Saunders is supported by his dad, yet he is careful about it from the start in light of the fact that Danny is a Hasid, what's more, views normal Orthodox Jews as apikorsim due to the lessons of his dad. Reuven goes from not having the option to have a common discussion with Danny to turning into his closest companion with whom he spens the entirety of his available time, considers Talmud and heads off to college. Reuven genuinely develops on the grounds that he inclines, as his dad says, what it is to be a companion. Another way that Reuven develops is that he figures out how to appreciate various individuals and their thoughts. He begins loathing Hasidim on the grounds that it's the devout activity, despite the fact that his dad (who I see as the Atticus Finch of this novel) continues disclosing to him that it's alright to can't help contradicting thoughts, however despising an individual in view of them is horrendous. Through his fellowship with Danny, concentrates with Reb Saunders, brief pound on Danny's sister (who was never given a name), furthermore, time spent in the Hasidic people group, he discovers that Hasids are individuals too with their own thoughts and convictions that are as important as his. He realizes why they think, act, talk, and dress the way that they do and grasps the way that he doesn't have an imposing business model on temperance. A third manner by which Reuven develops, however the book doesn't truly talk about it a lot, is in his valuation forever, or cha'im in Hebrew. He nearly loses his vision, his dad about works himself to death, 6,000,000 Jews are butchered in Europe, and Danny's sibling's unexpected frailty compromises Danny's decision to not turn into a tzaddik. At the point when his eye is faulty he can't peruse, and in reality does comment that it's hard to live without perusing, particularly with an insatiable hunger for learning, for example, his. His dad nearly bites the dust twice and he discusses that it is so hard to live in solitude in quietness (which is an allegory suggesting Danny's regular day to day existence) for the month while his dad is in the clinic. He sees Reb Saunders what's more, his dad feeling the enduring of the 6,000,000 dead, Saunders by crying and being quiet, David Malter by working for the creation of a Jewish state and being an innovator in the development, notwithstanding instructing at a yeshiva and grown-up training classes. What's more, obviously Danny is exceptionally stressed by his sibling's sickness (hemophillia?) supposing that he kicks the bucket it will be even harded for Danny to turn down his tzaddikship. By the finish of the book, Reuven Malter is an extremely changed character. Potok is a specialist with utilizing suggestion and allegory. Very inconspicuously all through the book he utilizes this for the motivations behind renforcing his focuses, portending, and to make the book a superior read when you've perused it beforehand and know the result. One case of this, one that I missed the first occasion when I read the book in seventh grade is the passage toward the finish of section nine where Reuven is perched on his patio and sees a fly caught in a cobweb's with the 8-legged creature manufacturer drawing nearer. He blows on the fly, first delicately,

Power point presentation on racism Essay

Meaning of Racism rac*ism n (1936) 1 : a conviction that race is the essential determinant of human attributes and limits and that racial contrasts produce an inalienable predominance of a specific race 2 : racial bias or separation Webster’s Ninth New Collegiate Dictionary Isolation The detachment of gatherings of individuals by custom or by law. It is regularly founded on contrasts of race, religion, riches, or culture. The main significant difficulties to racial isolation in Canada happened in 1946 when Viola Desmond, a dark representative, wouldn't sit in the overhang of a New Glasgow, Nova Scotia, theater however rather sat ground floor, a zone assigned solely for whites. Viola Desmond’s activity happened nine years before Rosa Parks was captured for declining to surrender her seat to a white man on a transport in Montgomery, Alabama Reasons for isolation Media instances of prejudice What is prejudice? The holding of slanderous social mentalities or subjective convictions towards individuals from a specific gathering on the record of their enrollment to that gathering What is prejudice? The ICERD (International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination) characterizes bigotry as follows: â€Å"Any differentiation, prohibition, limitation, or inclination dependent on race, shading, drop, or national or ethnic birthplace which has the reason or impact of invalidating or impeding the acknowledgment, delight, or exercise, on equivalent balance, of human rights and major opportunities in the political, financial, social, social, or some other field of open life.† Social capacity of preference and prejudice Preference and prejudice might be an important methods for making substitutes for individual or gatherings that vibe undermined It might be because of socialization (for example tyrant character) It might be the creature sense of territoriality and non domesticated limitation. It might be simple fanaticism and numbness It might be pretention and unyielding ethnocentrism Components of prejudice a hidden confidence in the predominance of one race over another and its entitlement to command. summing one up gathering of individuals by having confidence in shortsighted generalizations of that gathering. influences each part of the lives of networks of shading: social, financial, political, wellbeing, and so forth. Components of bigotry Preference: A biased, absurd judgment or assessment of individuals or circumstances. Where preference is negative it regularly brings about destructive or horrible ramifications for the person in question Preference may have social and organic premise Generalizations and their capacity Generalizations are moderately fixed arrangements of distorted convictions about individuals or occasions Generalizations are regularly over speculations about individuals and their expected characterizing qualities Social intellectual hypotheses of bias and generalizing Bias and segregation may originate from the abuse of: 1)cognitive heuristics 2)categorisation and generalizing of in-gatherings and out-gatherings 3)information preparing and the powerlessness to manage complex information (requirement for easy routes) Prejudice types Singular bigotry alludes to the biased convictions and unfair conduct of people. Institutional prejudice alludes to the strategies that confine the chances of minorities.

5 Things I Cant Live Without as a Freelance Writer

5 Things I Cant Live Without as a Freelance Writer EP 64: 5 Things I Cant Live Without as a Freelance Writer EP 64: 5 Things I Cant Live Without as a Freelance Writer Sometimes you just need a few essentials to get you through the work day. On Episode 64, Cath Anne shares her top 5 Things she cant live without in her day as a freelance writer. Looking for study tips, help with essay writing, or advice on how to be a better student? Welcome to The Homework Help Show, a weekly show where we teach, assist, and offer valuable insights for student life. From study hacks to writing tips, discussions about student mental health to step-by-step guides on academic writing and how to write a resume, weve got you covered. Want your questions answered? Write them below or join the conversation on social media using the hashtag #askHHG TRANSCRIPT: Cath Anne: [00:00:00] Hi guys. And welcome back to our channel. My name is Cath Anne and this is the Homework Help Show hosted by Homework Help Global. For anyone that is new here, here on this show we provide you with valuable content for your academic and student life. Now before we jump into the content today I wanted to remind you to make sure to subscribe to our channel and hit the little bell button. The bell button is going to tell you when we upload new content to our channel. And for those of you who dont know, we upload content every Monday morning so you can visit our channel on Mondays and see fresh new content from us. You just see you know we have some great content coming up as we progress through the summer and in to the new school year. We have our tried and true academic content as always. And were also branching off and going to provide you a little bit more content around the English language and learning English. We also have some amazing collaborations coming u p. So make sure to stay tuned for that because we are super excited to collaborate with some amazing content creators in the same field we are. So stay tuned. We cant wait to share with you. Also follow us on social media on Instagram or on Facebook. Well link everything in the description box below so you can find us on Instagram. We always have a steady stream of brand new content for you on a daily basis. So make sure to check us out there and chat with us in our DMs. Cath Anne: [00:01:45] All right so lets jump in to todays video. Cath Anne: [00:01:56] So today we are doing something a little different. I am sharing a little bit more about my life as a freelancer. And today Im providing you with five things I absolutely can not live without as a freelancer and I hope as students you will relate to this to as many of you know I have been writing with Homework Help Global for over three years and it is a wonderful organization to work for. I am so happy that they helped me kick off my freelance lifestyle and I cant wait to share with you the many things that I cannot live with in my day as a freelancer. OK so a number one on my list. Are these Bose over the ear headphones. Now these are amazing headphones and they were actually gifted to me from my friends at Homework Help Global because we do an amazing podcast which Ill talk about a little bit later. Cath Anne: [00:03:01] These Bose headphones are so amazing. I cannot even express to you how great they are. I dont know what I did without them. Actually I cannot really hear myself talking at the moment because they work so well. I hope Im not talking too loud. But yes, so Ill just see if you guys can see the label there. So these Bose headphones these ones are not wireless. However I do believe you can get wireless ones. Now these are a little bit older however. They work super well. They work well for everything I need them for which I think is a huge testament to the brand Bose itself and I should mention this isnt a paid collaboration or anything like that. Im not being paid to say this. Im just telling you about the amazing things that I need on a day to day basis and this is one of them. Cath Anne: [00:03:57] Whether I am going out into the community to a meeting and I decide to walk I take these with me if Im going to the cafe to do some work these work amazing because I can listen to my music and they block out all the surrounding noise around me while Im also able to be around people and see people I know. The other thing that I really love these for is for podcasting. So we do a great podcast called Student influencers podcast where we talk to students and influencers from all around the world. So whether it is in India or in the US or in Canada we talk to influencers from across the world. And these are the headphones that I use for that. Why are these great for that podcast. Well theyre wonderful because they block out the sound. So when I use my highly sensitive microphone the Yeti stereo microphone these are blocked with the noise coming through from the other end which is absolutely perfect for podcasting because you dont want any noise interference when yo u are podcasting. Now I should mention that if you guys want to be involved in the student influencers podcast make sure to find us on Instagram or email us all of our information is linked in listed in the description box below and connect with us. If you think that a podcast would be interesting to be a participant in if you have a unique vision. If you are an influencer or a student we would love to hear from you. So make sure to hit us up and let us know that youre interested. Cath Anne: [00:05:37] Finally make sure you take a listen to our student influencers podcast and we will also link that in the description multiple though so you can check it out. So the second thing that I absolutely cannot live without. And if youre a follower of the channel you may recognize this from some of our other videos where Ive discussed it in passing or blatantly is a moleskin notebook. I absolutely love these notebooks for many reasons. So the first reason I love moleskin notebook is because its black, its very streamlined and it looks professional when I go into a meeting and I can take notes really easily. Cath Anne: [00:06:15] I love that I can take this wherever I go it fits easily into my backpack or my laptop bag and what I really love about it is that when I take notes or make my daily to do lists everything is in the same book. So I usually invest in one or two of these notebooks at the beginning of the year and they usually both last me throughout the year which I absolutely love keeping everything in one place or one notebook is a lot more organized than only having different random pieces of paper all around the place. So if you are a student or if you are a freelancer I highly recommend getting a few moleskin notebooks, labelling them if you want to and using them to your advantage. Another really great way that I love to use my moleskin notebook is to make my daily to do list and lets see if I can find one here for you. Cath Anne: [00:07:08] So here is an example of my one of my daily to do lists. So what I do on a daily basis is I go through my agenda and I look at what I have on the agenda for the day and if I have any specific deadlines I then write that down in my daily to do list and when I have finished a task I check it off with a colored marker or a colored pen. Cath Anne: [00:07:34] Now Ill tell you why this is beneficial. 1 When you write things down you can prioritize. So I would recommend prioritizing three tasks in the day by limiting your tasks to three. You are allowing yourself to be more productive and avoiding the overwhelm that comes with too many tasks. Even though I do write down other smaller tasks throughout the day I definitely prioritize only three tasks for the day. And this is something that I would recommend to you whether youre a freelancer a person that works in an office or if youre a student. The second reason that I think writing your lists like this is a great idea is because you can go through and check things off checking things off. Especially in a different color allows you to increase your motivation. So once you have finished one of your priorities for the day. Check that off and it is going to make you feel productive and that you have completed something. Its going to give you energy and fuel to move on to your next task. Finally one of my favorite reasons for using a most skin notebook is that it allows me to have a log of all of the work that Ive completed. So if youre like me you might be a person who never thinks they do enough. So in a day you might do a ton of different tasks but you dont write them down or you dont document them in any way. And I think this can relate to a student anyone in their own business. A freelancer or even anyone who is working in a 9 to 5 type of traditional job. When you write things down in list form and check them off it gives you an intentional log of what you have done for the day. So if you have a tendency to get down on yourself or think youre not doing enough go back to your notebook and look at what you have done in the day and you will realize that you are much more productive than you ever thought. So the third thing that I absolutely can not live without and Im sure Im not the only one is of course my phone and my lightning charger now beca use I am a freelancer. I go out into community a lot I have meetings I go to cafes to work and even when Im home I use my phone a lot. I have a lot of different apps on there. I do a lot of other peoples social media so having a lightning charger or several is absolutely integral to the work I try to never leave the house without taking my lightning charger with me. And if youre like me I would recommend that you do the same. So definitely my phone and my lightning charger are up there on things that I can not live without. I also wanted to mention that I have a lot of really great apps for productivity for meal ducking for work tracking and for invoicing things like that around freelancing and I was wondering if anyone would have an interest in me providing some info around that. So that something that you are interested in if youd like to know some of my favorite apps that are on my phone. Definitely jump into the comments section below and let us know if that is something that yo ud be interested in hearing about. OK. Cath Anne: [00:11:01] So the next thing that I wanted to mention is something that is relatively new to me and that is theres a little wallet and you might be like whatever its just a wallet. However it is simply perfect for carrying business cards. And this is something that I always tend to forget when I go out into community or to meetings which is so silly because people ask for your business card and Im not used to carrying one. So this little number has been great for me to just throw in my bag throw my laptop bag and take with me this little wallet is from a brand called some mirror and they make a vegan leather products and its just perfect. This little one is just perfect for carrying business cards so Ill show you it just pops open like this and then I keep my business cards right in here which I absolutely love. So the other reason I really love this is because its also perfect for when people give me their business cards I can keep it in here and then I have everyones bu siness card all in one spot. Even though we are living in a digital age and we communicate a lot on our computers there is something to be said about carrying a business card and having a snapshot of who you are what you do and how to get a hold of you. So I definitely recommend if youre in your third or fourth year of university to look into getting a business card created with your profession and your future degree on it. This will come in handy at networking events and let people know how to get hold of you. So this one is going to be a little bit silly but the this saying that I simply cannot live without. As a freelancer. Are my plants and my candles. And this might be something that youve noticed. If youve been watching our videos for a while I always have plants in the background and I usually have a candle lit and Ill tell you why this is. I work a lot from home. I do go out to community sometimes however most of my days are spent at home so I want to make sure that I can se t the tone for when Im working. Every morning when I wake up. Before I start working I light a vanilla scented candle. Ive really been loving the vanilla candles from Ikea. I also like vanilla soy candles and green apple candles have really been up there lately for me too. I always also have at least one or two plants on my desk at any given time as well as. Throughout my house. And Ill tell you why this is this is because I work alone. I work by myself and I work in my house. I need things that are going to inspire me. I mean things that are going to set the tone for my work day. Its really easy to get distracted by the dishes or the laundry that has to be done. So setting the tone for my day and placing beautiful things around me inspires me to create and motivates me to keep going throughout the day. Now this isnt just for freelancers. This is something that I would recommend for anyone thats working from home. And this includes people like students. So when you are going to stud y light a candle diffuse some essential oils or put some plants around you. This is going to help you to focus and to feel relaxed when you are trying to do something that is maybe not your favorite activity. I talk more about this in episode 53 of The Homework Help Show so definitely make sure to check that out and we will link that in the description box below. Cath Anne: [00:14:49] OK guys so thats it for me this week. I hope that you enjoyed this video and that this is the style of video that youd like to see more of. Definitely jump into the comments section below and let us know which five items you simply cannot live without. Connect with us on social media and just so you know every Monday morning at 10:00 a.m. Eastern Standard Time. We are going to be going live on Instagram. So if you have any questions or you just want to chat jump on Instagram at 10:00 a.m. Eastern Standard Time and join us for a little chat. OK guys thanks so much for joining me. Make sure to connect with us on our social media platforms hit subscribe if you like this video and made sure to give this video a thumbs up if you liked it. Talk soon guys and take care. 5 Things I Cant Live Without as a Freelance Writer EP 64: 5 Things I Cant Live Without as a Freelance Writer EP 64: 5 Things I Cant Live Without as a Freelance Writer Sometimes you just need a few essentials to get you through the work day. On Episode 64, Cath Anne shares her top 5 Things she cant live without in her day as a freelance writer. Looking for study tips, help with essay writing, or advice on how to be a better student? Welcome to The Homework Help Show, a weekly show where we teach, assist, and offer valuable insights for student life. From study hacks to writing tips, discussions about student mental health to step-by-step guides on academic writing and how to write a resume, weve got you covered. Want your questions answered? Write them below or join the conversation on social media using the hashtag #askHHG TRANSCRIPT: Cath Anne: [00:00:00] Hi guys. And welcome back to our channel. My name is Cath Anne and this is the Homework Help Show hosted by Homework Help Global. For anyone that is new here, here on this show we provide you with valuable content for your academic and student life. Now before we jump into the content today I wanted to remind you to make sure to subscribe to our channel and hit the little bell button. The bell button is going to tell you when we upload new content to our channel. And for those of you who dont know, we upload content every Monday morning so you can visit our channel on Mondays and see fresh new content from us. You just see you know we have some great content coming up as we progress through the summer and in to the new school year. We have our tried and true academic content as always. And were also branching off and going to provide you a little bit more content around the English language and learning English. We also have some amazing collaborations coming u p. So make sure to stay tuned for that because we are super excited to collaborate with some amazing content creators in the same field we are. So stay tuned. We cant wait to share with you. Also follow us on social media on Instagram or on Facebook. Well link everything in the description box below so you can find us on Instagram. We always have a steady stream of brand new content for you on a daily basis. So make sure to check us out there and chat with us in our DMs. Cath Anne: [00:01:45] All right so lets jump in to todays video. Cath Anne: [00:01:56] So today we are doing something a little different. I am sharing a little bit more about my life as a freelancer. And today Im providing you with five things I absolutely can not live without as a freelancer and I hope as students you will relate to this to as many of you know I have been writing with Homework Help Global for over three years and it is a wonderful organization to work for. I am so happy that they helped me kick off my freelance lifestyle and I cant wait to share with you the many things that I cannot live with in my day as a freelancer. OK so a number one on my list. Are these Bose over the ear headphones. Now these are amazing headphones and they were actually gifted to me from my friends at Homework Help Global because we do an amazing podcast which Ill talk about a little bit later. Cath Anne: [00:03:01] These Bose headphones are so amazing. I cannot even express to you how great they are. I dont know what I did without them. Actually I cannot really hear myself talking at the moment because they work so well. I hope Im not talking too loud. But yes, so Ill just see if you guys can see the label there. So these Bose headphones these ones are not wireless. However I do believe you can get wireless ones. Now these are a little bit older however. They work super well. They work well for everything I need them for which I think is a huge testament to the brand Bose itself and I should mention this isnt a paid collaboration or anything like that. Im not being paid to say this. Im just telling you about the amazing things that I need on a day to day basis and this is one of them. Cath Anne: [00:03:57] Whether I am going out into the community to a meeting and I decide to walk I take these with me if Im going to the cafe to do some work these work amazing because I can listen to my music and they block out all the surrounding noise around me while Im also able to be around people and see people I know. The other thing that I really love these for is for podcasting. So we do a great podcast called Student influencers podcast where we talk to students and influencers from all around the world. So whether it is in India or in the US or in Canada we talk to influencers from across the world. And these are the headphones that I use for that. Why are these great for that podcast. Well theyre wonderful because they block out the sound. So when I use my highly sensitive microphone the Yeti stereo microphone these are blocked with the noise coming through from the other end which is absolutely perfect for podcasting because you dont want any noise interference when yo u are podcasting. Now I should mention that if you guys want to be involved in the student influencers podcast make sure to find us on Instagram or email us all of our information is linked in listed in the description box below and connect with us. If you think that a podcast would be interesting to be a participant in if you have a unique vision. If you are an influencer or a student we would love to hear from you. So make sure to hit us up and let us know that youre interested. Cath Anne: [00:05:37] Finally make sure you take a listen to our student influencers podcast and we will also link that in the description multiple though so you can check it out. So the second thing that I absolutely cannot live without. And if youre a follower of the channel you may recognize this from some of our other videos where Ive discussed it in passing or blatantly is a moleskin notebook. I absolutely love these notebooks for many reasons. So the first reason I love moleskin notebook is because its black, its very streamlined and it looks professional when I go into a meeting and I can take notes really easily. Cath Anne: [00:06:15] I love that I can take this wherever I go it fits easily into my backpack or my laptop bag and what I really love about it is that when I take notes or make my daily to do lists everything is in the same book. So I usually invest in one or two of these notebooks at the beginning of the year and they usually both last me throughout the year which I absolutely love keeping everything in one place or one notebook is a lot more organized than only having different random pieces of paper all around the place. So if you are a student or if you are a freelancer I highly recommend getting a few moleskin notebooks, labelling them if you want to and using them to your advantage. Another really great way that I love to use my moleskin notebook is to make my daily to do list and lets see if I can find one here for you. Cath Anne: [00:07:08] So here is an example of my one of my daily to do lists. So what I do on a daily basis is I go through my agenda and I look at what I have on the agenda for the day and if I have any specific deadlines I then write that down in my daily to do list and when I have finished a task I check it off with a colored marker or a colored pen. Cath Anne: [00:07:34] Now Ill tell you why this is beneficial. 1 When you write things down you can prioritize. So I would recommend prioritizing three tasks in the day by limiting your tasks to three. You are allowing yourself to be more productive and avoiding the overwhelm that comes with too many tasks. Even though I do write down other smaller tasks throughout the day I definitely prioritize only three tasks for the day. And this is something that I would recommend to you whether youre a freelancer a person that works in an office or if youre a student. The second reason that I think writing your lists like this is a great idea is because you can go through and check things off checking things off. Especially in a different color allows you to increase your motivation. So once you have finished one of your priorities for the day. Check that off and it is going to make you feel productive and that you have completed something. Its going to give you energy and fuel to move on to your next task. Finally one of my favorite reasons for using a most skin notebook is that it allows me to have a log of all of the work that Ive completed. So if youre like me you might be a person who never thinks they do enough. So in a day you might do a ton of different tasks but you dont write them down or you dont document them in any way. And I think this can relate to a student anyone in their own business. A freelancer or even anyone who is working in a 9 to 5 type of traditional job. When you write things down in list form and check them off it gives you an intentional log of what you have done for the day. So if you have a tendency to get down on yourself or think youre not doing enough go back to your notebook and look at what you have done in the day and you will realize that you are much more productive than you ever thought. So the third thing that I absolutely can not live without and Im sure Im not the only one is of course my phone and my lightning charger now beca use I am a freelancer. I go out into community a lot I have meetings I go to cafes to work and even when Im home I use my phone a lot. I have a lot of different apps on there. I do a lot of other peoples social media so having a lightning charger or several is absolutely integral to the work I try to never leave the house without taking my lightning charger with me. And if youre like me I would recommend that you do the same. So definitely my phone and my lightning charger are up there on things that I can not live without. I also wanted to mention that I have a lot of really great apps for productivity for meal ducking for work tracking and for invoicing things like that around freelancing and I was wondering if anyone would have an interest in me providing some info around that. So that something that you are interested in if youd like to know some of my favorite apps that are on my phone. Definitely jump into the comments section below and let us know if that is something that yo ud be interested in hearing about. OK. Cath Anne: [00:11:01] So the next thing that I wanted to mention is something that is relatively new to me and that is theres a little wallet and you might be like whatever its just a wallet. However it is simply perfect for carrying business cards. And this is something that I always tend to forget when I go out into community or to meetings which is so silly because people ask for your business card and Im not used to carrying one. So this little number has been great for me to just throw in my bag throw my laptop bag and take with me this little wallet is from a brand called some mirror and they make a vegan leather products and its just perfect. This little one is just perfect for carrying business cards so Ill show you it just pops open like this and then I keep my business cards right in here which I absolutely love. So the other reason I really love this is because its also perfect for when people give me their business cards I can keep it in here and then I have everyones bu siness card all in one spot. Even though we are living in a digital age and we communicate a lot on our computers there is something to be said about carrying a business card and having a snapshot of who you are what you do and how to get a hold of you. So I definitely recommend if youre in your third or fourth year of university to look into getting a business card created with your profession and your future degree on it. This will come in handy at networking events and let people know how to get hold of you. So this one is going to be a little bit silly but the this saying that I simply cannot live without. As a freelancer. Are my plants and my candles. And this might be something that youve noticed. If youve been watching our videos for a while I always have plants in the background and I usually have a candle lit and Ill tell you why this is. I work a lot from home. I do go out to community sometimes however most of my days are spent at home so I want to make sure that I can se t the tone for when Im working. Every morning when I wake up. Before I start working I light a vanilla scented candle. Ive really been loving the vanilla candles from Ikea. I also like vanilla soy candles and green apple candles have really been up there lately for me too. I always also have at least one or two plants on my desk at any given time as well as. Throughout my house. And Ill tell you why this is this is because I work alone. I work by myself and I work in my house. I need things that are going to inspire me. I mean things that are going to set the tone for my work day. Its really easy to get distracted by the dishes or the laundry that has to be done. So setting the tone for my day and placing beautiful things around me inspires me to create and motivates me to keep going throughout the day. Now this isnt just for freelancers. This is something that I would recommend for anyone thats working from home. And this includes people like students. So when you are going to stud y light a candle diffuse some essential oils or put some plants around you. This is going to help you to focus and to feel relaxed when you are trying to do something that is maybe not your favorite activity. I talk more about this in episode 53 of The Homework Help Show so definitely make sure to check that out and we will link that in the description box below. Cath Anne: [00:14:49] OK guys so thats it for me this week. I hope that you enjoyed this video and that this is the style of video that youd like to see more of. Definitely jump into the comments section below and let us know which five items you simply cannot live without. Connect with us on social media and just so you know every Monday morning at 10:00 a.m. Eastern Standard Time. We are going to be going live on Instagram. So if you have any questions or you just want to chat jump on Instagram at 10:00 a.m. Eastern Standard Time and join us for a little chat. OK guys thanks so much for joining me. Make sure to connect with us on our social media platforms hit subscribe if you like this video and made sure to give this video a thumbs up if you liked it. Talk soon guys and take care.

Essay on Contrast and Comparison of the Knight and the...

Anais Quinones October 31, 2005 Chaucer BRL 2316 Prof. Tague Contrast and Comparison The Knight and the Wife of Bath In the Canterbury Tales written by Geoffrey Chaucer, the Knight and the Wife of Bath are similar and also different. The Knight represents the nobility and military estate while the Wife of Bath represents the middle status. Both the Knight and the Wife of Bath are fearless. The Knight was a fearless worthy man who fought in the crusades while the Wife of Bath was fearless about her opinions on love, she was outspoken. The Knight and the Wife of Bath were similar in many ways. They both were best in their talents. The Knight was best knight in all nations in Prussia, Aboven alle nacions in Pruce(line 53).†¦show more content†¦The Knight and the Wife of Bath had remedies for other people. The Knights remedy for peoples faith was war, And foughten for oure feith at Tramyssene(line 62). The Wife of Bath knew remedies for love sickness, Of remedies of love she knew per chauce(line 475). She learned tricks of the trade in the game of love, For she koude of that art the oulde dau nce (line 476). Both the Knight and the Wife of Bath were wise. The Knight was worthy and wise, And though that he were worthy, he was wys (line 68). Even though the narrator does not say much about the Knights physical appearance, we can assume that the Knight and the Wife of Bath were not identical. The Wife of Bath was a bold face woman with a red hue complexion, Boold was hire face, and fair, and reed of hewe(line 458). She was also gapped tooth, Gat-tothed was she, smoothly for to seye(line 468) with large hips, A foot-mantel aboute hir hipes large, (line472). The Wife of Bath loves to laugh and chatter, In felawshipe wel koude of that art the olde daunce (line 476). The Knight was as quiet as a maid, And of his portas meeke as is a mayde (line 69). The narrator gives off the impression that the Wife of Bath is a poor woman, That to the offrynge bifore hire sholde goon; And if ther dide, certeyn so wroth was she, That she was out alle charitee, (lines 450-452). It was possible that the Knight was also poorShow MoreRelatedWhat a Story Reveals about the Story Teller Essay1377 Words   |  6 Pagesbe using as examples: The Knights Tale, The Millers Tale, and The Wife of Baths Tale. The knight told a tale of love, bravery, chivalry, justice, romance, and adventure. His story included two cousins and sworn brothers, Palamon and Arcite, who were both enraptured by the love of one woman, Emily. Emily was related to king Theseus who had the two friends imprisoned in a tower. It was from this tower that the two knights spotted the female embodiment of beauty and goodness. Palamon and ArciteRead More The Wife of Bath’s Tale and The Clerk’s Tale Essay1770 Words   |  8 Pagescraft of life. 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Among them is a knight, a monk, a prioress, two nun’s, the friar, the squire, the yeoman, the merchant, a clerk, a sergeant of the law, a wealthy landowner, a doctor, the wife of Bath, a supplier, the reeve, a somonour, a pardoner, Harry Bailey (the host), Chaucer himself, a haberdasher, a carpenter, a weaver, a tapestry maker, a dyere, a cook, Read MoreBrand Building Blocks96400 Words   |  386 Pageslong-term value of activities that will enhance or erode brand equity, for example, is difficult to convincingly demonstrate, in part because the marketplace is noisy and in part because experiments covering multiple years are very expensive. In sharp contrast, short-term performance measurements are ever more refined, timely, and detailed. The short-term impact of promotions, for example, can be demonstrated with scanner data. The resulting situation is a bit like the drunk who looks for his or her carRead MoreMarketing Mistakes and Successes175322 Words   |  702 Pagesstudents can hone their analytical skills and also their persuasive skills—not selling products but selling their ideas—and defend them against critical scrutiny. This is great practice for the arena of business to come. NEW TO THIS EDITION In contrast to the early editions, which examined only notable mistakes, and based on your favorable comments about recent editions, I have again included some well-known successes. While mistakes provide valuable learning insights, we can also learn fromRead MoreOrganisational Theory230255 Words   |  922 Pageswhat happens in organizations, and these theories have not been through a peer-review process. This raises some interesting issues around how organization theories are often disseminated, particularly to managers. We shall return to this later. In contrast, the theories we informally use to make sense of our everyday lives are not usually precisely written down and then submitted to such extensive review, debate and the critical scrutiny of our peers. Usually we do not have to worry about the problemsRead MoreLogical Reasoning189930 Words   |  760 Pagesabout logical reasoning has been enjoyable for me, but special thanks go to my children, Joshua, 8, and Justine, 3, for comic relief during the months of writing. This book is dedicated to them. For the 2012 edition: This book is dedicated to my wife Hellan whose good advice has improved the book in many ways. vi Table of Contents Preface.....................................................................................................................................................Read MoreExploring Corporate Strategy - Case164366 Words   |  658 Pagesaccounted for 17 per cent of pharmacy sales. Parallel trade is prevalent in Asia and there is a latent problem in the crucial US market due to price differentials with Canada. Canada has stringent and inï ¬â€šexible pricing and reimbursement criteria. In contrast, the USA has no formal price controls and price increases are customary. Over time, this has led to a wide disparity in prices (bestselling cholesterol-lowering drug Lipitor was $3.20 per pill in the USA in 2003, compared with just $1.89 in Canada)

International Monetary Fund And The World Bank - 1679 Words

THE WORLD BANK AND IMF - HIPC International Monetary Fund and The World Bank, though has a good purpose of their existence, they have come under lots of criticisms as to how they use the leverage of being in a position of helping poor countries to either recover from economic collapse or give them debt relief and economic boost from loans they give out to them to impose policies and condition that those poor countries has to implement. These loan conditions and policies structured by these international financial power institutions are geared towards moving resources from the poor countries to the rich western countries. The end result is creating a situation where the poor countries sunk into more economic suicidal condition in which†¦show more content†¦In order to rebuild Europe after a devastation second world war, common sense would tell you that the institutions would not like to deplete its resources. So the question of exploiting loan seekers or poor countries who later became part of the countri es seeking financial help from the world bank and the IMF. The main function of the International Monetary Fund according to IMF fact sheet (2016, March 23) â€Å"To ensure the stability of the international monetary system—the system of exchange rates and international payments that enables countries (and their citizens) to transact with each other†. Simply put, the organization beginning with 44 countries and now 189, has one aim, to make sure there is a global or international stability in the world economy by monitoring resources and exchange rates across goods and services trading among member countries and ensuring that there would not be an economic collapse in respective member countries. Same IMF factsheet do more elaborating on their term surveillance as stated as â€Å"To maintain stability and prevent crises in the international

Kohlberg`s Three Levels and Six Stages of Moral Reasoning Free Essays

Lawrence Kohlberg, a professor of psychology in the University of Chicago, has created his own theory of moral development. The theory is based on children’s reasoning, when facing moral dilemmas, however, Kohlberg went far beyond that and created a common theory for all ages. Under his theory moral thinking passes through six separate stages, which are broken into three levels. We will write a custom essay sample on Kohlberg`s Three Levels and Six Stages of Moral Reasoning or any similar topic only for you Order Now This paper aims to provide a review of stages and levels proposed by Kohlberg.  The first level is PRE-CONVENTIONAL. This level is more characteristic for children, although it is sometimes passed by adults too. At this level an individual considers exclusively direct consequences of an action for himself. Reasoning at this level is purely egoistic and consists of two stages: Stage 1 An individual concentrates only on direct consequences for himself and the main moral deterrence is fear of punishment. Moral futility of an action is estimated by punishment. The more severe is the punishment, the worse an action is[1]. Stage 2 is characterized by limited interest to the needs of others. However, this interest is of egocentric. A person is interested in getting something for himself for his/her moral behavior[2].  The second level is CONVENTIONAL. This stage is typical for most adults. At this level individuals compare the morality of their actions to social norms and expectations. This level includes the third and fourth stage of moral reasoning. Stage 3 is related to social roles. People act so, as their relatives, friends and members of their group act to receive their praise. Actions are evaluated in terms of personal relationships and social stereotypes. The main deterrence is fear of authority and fear of social condemnation[3]. Stage 4 is similar to stage 3, however it is extended as actions are evaluated in terms of laws and social conventions. Individual needs are overcome at this stage and laws are attributed own value. A distinction between right and wrong in this stage is created by culpability of an action.  The third level is POST-CONVENTIONAL is also called â€Å"principled level†. Actions are evaluated by an individual before they are evaluated by society. A person becomes morally â€Å"autonomous†[4]. The level includes stages 5 and 6. Stage 5 At this stage an individual comes to understanding, that people hold different views and opinions. Laws are understood not only as rules, but as useful social contracts. Those, who act against common good are considered to be morally bad and those have to be changed. The aim of morals is understood as â€Å"as much good for as many people as possible†, which is achieved by decision of the majority. Stage 6 is characterized by abstract reasoning and universality of ethical principles. An individual comes to understanding that any laws may be justified only to the extent they correspond those universal principles[5]. The social consensus is reached after â€Å"seeing the situation from another man’s eyes†. It is firstly necessary to get full understanding of all moral positions on the matter and after that a consensus between those positions should be reached. This action is validated by consent of every person, not only the majority. References 1. Shaffer, David R. (2004). Social and Personality Development, 5th Ed, Wadsworth Publishing 2. Kohlberg, Lawrence; T. Lickona, ed. (1976). â€Å"Moral stages and moralization: The cognitive-developmental approach†, Moral Development and Behavior: Theory, Research and Social Issues. Rinehart and Winston 3. Rawls, John (1971). A Theory of Justice. Cambridge, MA: Belkap Press of Harvard University Press 4. Kohlberg, Lawrence (1973). â€Å"The Claim to Moral Adequacy of a Highest Stage of Moral Judgment†. Journal of Philosophy 70 [1] Shaffer, David R. (2004). Social and Personality Development, 5th Ed, Wadsworth Publishing, p.- 43                         [2] Kohlberg, Lawrence (1973). â€Å"The Claim to Moral Adequacy of a Highest Stage of Moral Judgment†. Journal of Philosophy 70: 630-646 [3] Supra note                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              [4] Kohlberg, Lawrence; T. Lickona, ed. (1976). â€Å"Moral stages and moralization: The cognitive-developmental approach†, Moral Development and Behavior: Theory, Research and Social Issues. Rinehart and Winston p.-188    [5] Rawls, John (1971). A Theory of Justice. Cambridge, MA: Belkap Press of Harvard University Press, p.-201 How to cite Kohlberg`s Three Levels and Six Stages of Moral Reasoning, Essay examples

MY experiences free essay sample

Why should I hire you? I will not say that I am the best candidate sitting here, because I dont know anything about the other aspirants sitting outside. But I surely know about my abilities which can make me stand apart from the rest. I am a highly optimistic person and no problem can deter me from achieving my goals. Also I can adjust to any situation and can work with any type of colleague as I see it as a great opportunity to learn from others which will help me to expand the horizon of my knowledge. And the best thing about me is that I can make people around me happy and calm, so I can make the hectic work environment a bit relaxed. What are your strengths and weaknesses? My strength is my weekness. Dedication to work is my strength. Sometimes it becomes my weekness. lf the work is given to me. We will write a custom essay sample on MY experiences or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page I wont leave it till it gets completed. will try to complete as soon as possible. Why do you want to work at our company? I need a Job which suits my qualifications and skills,and which recognize my ability in the organization,so that i can update my knowledge and skills along with organizations growth. and i feel that my profiles are matching your requirement. As per fresher i feel that this is the challenging opportunities to test my theoretical nowledge to achieve the practical expertise,which can help your organization towards growth. What is the difference between confidence and over confidence? Confidence can defined as the beleiving in youre ability to acheive youre goals / performing tasks / facing challenges , with required efforts from your part Over- Confidence can be defined as over-rating youre ability to achieve certain tasks / goals / challenges which is far from youre reach and trying to reach it may lay the path for youre down fall. What is the difference between hard work and smart work? Smart work is well planned structured work and hard work is working like a machine without thinking much. For a employee to be successful, using his brain in t he little work he does is more important than what normally people do appreciation comes only when u stand out of the box. here in dis case we call it smart work. How do you feel about working nights and weekends? If it is a regular phenomenon, I may not like it. Because as every machine needs a rest after working for a long time and recollect energy to work further, similarly our body also needs some relaxation at the end of day or week the Job. But if there is some situation I will always be there to fulfill the requirements of the company at customer service. Can you work under pressure? Yes, I can work under pressure. Because it will help me to show how I adapt those kind of situations also if I am, it will provide a chance to prove myself among others Are you willing to relocate or travel? Yes, so that I can enjoy more in my work and chances will be more in knowing new things. What are your goals? My short term goal is to be a part of an organisation where I can learn new things and use my knowladge, skills for benifits of organisation And long term goal is I would look to myself for the higher post. What motivates you to do good Job? For the self satisfaction, the self confidence, to enhance my knowledge always their life to make my dream real, motivates me a lot to do a good Job and to make them proud to be my parents. What makes you angry? I became angry when I see people are not committed to their work. For me Commitment is sumthing which help you to succeed in life and unprofessionalism also make me angry Give me an example of your creativity. .. ln the beginning i had noticed that same softwares had been installed daily in my company .. o then i have createad a . exe file , we have to do Just one click on it automatically softwares would be installed one bye one. so it save our time. How long would you expect to work for us if hired? If the company gives a good recognition for my work, there will be no need for me to shift over another company. Are not you overqualified for this position? Not Overqualified, I would say well qualified, my qualification will Just help me to do the Job better, and it will favor me to handle more responsibilities and help me to rise up to your expectations. Describe your ideal company, location and Job. The company which offers me an opportunistic environment and growth is ideal for me. About location, i am not location specific. I Just want to be a part of such a company wherever it is. And ideal Job for me is the one which develops my skills and makes me feel energetic by doing it. The company which offers me an opportunistic environment and growth is ideal for me.

Primary Colors Essays - Films, Primary Colors, Susan Stanton

Primary Colors "Primary Colors" is a fictional account of a presidential primary campaign. The book is writen by Anonymous, who we now know is Newsweek colunmnist Joe Klein. Klein includes a disclainer saying he invented the characters and situations, but I feel that the book is about the Clintons. All the events are there. The champaign takes place in 1992. Stanton is the governor of a small Southern state. He has an authoritative wife, Suzan. He also has problems with promisuity, draft dodging, and war protest. The central charactor of the book is not Jack Stanton but the narrator Henry Burton. Former congressional aide and grandson of the famous civil rights leader, Harvey Burton. Henry tells the story of Governor Jack Stanton's presidential campaign. Young, black and no novice to insider politics, he signs on as deputy campaign manager but rapidly becomes the Governor's right hand man and psychological confident. Henry struggles with his role in the campaign, his responsibility to the candidate, and most disturbingly with how much he actually knows and believes in the real Jack Stanton--the man he would help become the leader of the United States of America. He also developes an odd comradeship in the manic, obsessive Richard Jemmons. The governor of a small southern state, Jack Stanton is the consummate politician. His love for the American people is palpable, but starkly contrasted with his relentless pursuit of power and his on-going sexual indiscretions. He is a master of the political system. Stanton has gone to great measures to surround himself with unwavering supporters, from his wife Susan Stanton to people he connects with along the campaign. Stanton is man who wants to be president and will let nothing, least of all his own actions, stand in his way. Susan Stanton is a skilled lawyer and experienced campaigner. She shares the Governor's same ruthless desire but is as careful as he is careless. She never falters from standing by her man, but to underestimate her is to misunderstand the power she wields behind the scenes of both the campaign and the Governor's Mansion. Together they are a formidable couple. She knows as well as he that they can only reach their dream together. Susan's identity is tied to her husband's, but the control of the relationship is clearly hers. She has her own way of dealing with his weaknesses. Nicknamed the "Dustbuster," Libby Holden has always been there in the past to clean up Governor Stanton's extracurricular indiscretions. Newly released from the loony bin for this campaign, she is back and ready for action. And there is plenty of dust for her to bust! Her methods are sometimes extreme but she is constantly looking for the truth and always, always gets the job done. An overwhelming presence, she is keeper of all the Stanton secrets; she knows both the Governor and his wife inside and out or thinks she does. Known as the best democratic political strategist, Richard Jemmons is not your run-of-the-mill campaign spin doctor. An explosive, hyper, and usually manic presence, he knows how elections work but can't quite seem to get a grasp of his newest responsibility. At times obsessive, Jemmons knows better than anyone and earlier than anyone, that the most dangerous threat to the Stanton campaign is not an opposing candidate but Stanton himself and his own checkered past. Up-and-coming media consultant, Daisy Green is responsible for the public perception of the Governor. She is outspoken, fast-talking and a New Yorker at heart. Daisy never quite makes it into the inner circle of the Stanton campaign. She does however fall in love with Henry Burton. She discovers that the relationship, if it is going to work, must survive the treacherous terrain of the political playing field. All though this book we wonder if this a story about the Clintons. Like Stanton, Clinton has been a politician since his college days. Like bill Clinton, Jack Stanton has a hard time keeping his pants on around good looking women. Jack Stanton's campaign suffers from its own "bimbo eruptions." Klein describes a complex man, like all great men, has large virtues and failings. I feel that the author does love a part of Clinton, which he labeled Jack Stanton.

Effects of discriminatory practice in Health and social care Essay Example

Effects of discriminatory practice in Health and social care Essay Example Effects of discriminatory practice in Health and social care Essay Effects of discriminatory practice in Health and social care Essay The above instance survey is foregrounding favoritism. This is the unequal intervention between persons and it is a negative action towards members of a certain group. The bases of favoritism include: civilization. disablement. age. societal category. gender. sexual orientation. wellness position. household position and cognitive ability. The prejudiced practise used in the instance of Jeta is predjudice. This is judging person and doing an premise without holding any solid grounds to back up the opinion. on the footing of their visual aspect or what group they belong to. Jeta is sing this as her instructor is doing a false premise about her thought that she is lazy and blue as her criterion of public presentation in school assesments is diminishing. There are many lending factors that can take to the predjudice that Jeta is sing. One of these factors is societal background. Jeta comes from a rough background. lives entirely with her female parent who is a individual parent and her male parent is in prison. Another factor taking to predjudice could be socialisation. This is when the media create humbling stereotypes about specific groups of people. The media assumes that if person is in prison. they are associated with bad behavior and are automatically given a negative feeling on. As Jeta is related to person in prison. the instructor is presuming that she’s every bit as bad and discriminates against her. The instructor is about blaming the male parent state of affairs on the hapless school work produced by Jeta. Another prejudiced practise that Jeta is sing is pigeonholing. Stereotyping is a widely held but fixed oversimplified image or thought of a certain type of individual. Pigeonholing can hold a demetrial consequence on the person involved. They involve generalisations about the most common features of members of the group. There are many factors which could propose why Jeta is being stereotyped. The first is societal classification. This is sorting people into groups based on common properties that persons portion. In relation to Jeta she is being stereotyped as lazy because the criterion of her school assesments are dropping. She is besides being stereotyped as naughty and this could be due to the societal facet that her male parents in prision significance she is being percieved as this blue kid. Another base for favoritism is age. Age favoritism occurs when person is treated below the belt due to their age without any given justification or logical thinking. The fact that the kid concerned in this survey is of rather a immature age of 9 old ages old means she is more vunerable to age favoritism and this normally occurs because the kid is seen to hold less societal power. Jeta is sing age favoritism because she is seen to hold less of an authoritive figure compared to her instructor. Children in todays society are more likely to confront favoritism due to their addiction on grownups and the determinations that are made for them. Children experience favoritism on other evidences including race. gender. societal category. wellness position. disablities and many more. Jeta is being stereotyped as this lazy character and due to her age. the instructor isn’t listening to her despite being told legion times by Jeta that she can non see the board from the dorsum of the schoolroom. Jeta’s age could be an index as to why she is being stereotyped as she is undistinguished compared to the instructor and has little or no power so her sentiments and positions are merely ignored. Another prejudiced practise that Jeta is confronting is inequality. This is where people are non treated the same because some persons have more power. authorization. money etc. Jeta is sing this as she is non being granted the same chances to instruction and rights to larn as everyone else in her category. Due to this inequality she could be left in a vunerable place as she could be at a hazard of falling behind in category and making even worse in appraisals than earlier. The chief base for favoritism is this instance survey is Jeta’s diability. She has haples s sight and this explains her low criterion of work in lessons. She is being discriminated for holding this disablement and this could ensue in her feeling vunerable and cause low ego regard. She is being segregated from the remainder of the category being sent to the dorsum of the schoolroom and this could strike hard her assurance. This is besides doing the state of affairs worse as Jeta will non be able to concentrate on the undertakings set in category as she can non see what is is being taught. Alternatively of supplying Jeta with the right extra acquisition support she requires. the instructor has placed her right at the dorsum of the category. segregated from her other schoolmates. The Disability Discrimination Act ( DDA ) makes it improper to know apart against person who has a disablement. This act is covered by most sectors including the instruction sector which means it should be covered in all schools and administrations. The DDA screens eyesight jobs so Jeta’s demands should be met. Initially. Jeta’s instructor is being improper as she isn’t seting to the DDA criterions to accommodate Jeta’s demands. If no alterations are made. Jet a’s seeing could deteriate and decline. Jeta presently has no spectacless or any signifier of equipment to assist imporve her seeing so being at the dorsum is non assisting the state of affairs in respect to Jeta.

Pediatric Growth and Development Research Paper

Pediatric Growth and Development - Research Paper Example e conflict occurs as children try to act like grown ups and takes up goals or activities which are beyond their capacity and which are in conflict with parents or family members (Shaffer, 2009, p. 42). Feeling of guilt occurs as a result and hence, achieving ‘balance’ between initiative and encroaching upon rights or privileges of others is the challenge as it leads to successful resolution of the conflict (Shaffer, 2009, p. 42). The fourth stage (‘industry versus inferiority’), in which teachers and peers are significant social agents, occur between 6 to 12 years of age (Shaffer, 2009, p. 42). In this stage, children compare themselves with peers and hence, must master academic and social skills to feel self-assured (Shaffer, 2009, p. 42). Otherwise, feeling of inferiority develops if they fail to acquire the skills which others have (Shaffer, 2009, p. 42). The fifth stage (‘identity versus role confusion’), in which the key social agent is the society of peers, occurs between 12 to 20 years of age (Shaffer, 2009, p. 42). The challenge for adolescents is to avoid being confused about their identity by establishing basic social and occupational identities (Shaffer, 2009, p. 42). The sixth stage (‘intimacy versus isolation’), in which the key social agents are lovers, spouses and close friends, occurs between 20 to 40 years (Shaffer, 2009, p. 42). The challenge is to achieve companionship through strong friendship or else loneliness result (Shaffer, 2009, p. 42). The seventh stage (‘generativity versus stagnation’), in which the key social agents are spouse, children and social norms, occurs between 40 to 65 years (Shaffer, 2009, p. 42). The challenge is to maintain ‘generativity’ by being productive or supporting young people, as failure or... The main purpose of this research paper was to describe several development theories to the reader. Firstly, the researcher focuses on analysis of Psychosocial Development theory by Erickson, who understood that people can display healthy psychological adjustment only when they are able to resolve the psychological conflicts that they experience in life. In his theory, Erikson’s proposed eight stages (or psychosocial crisis) of developments, which occur during different ages of human life. Secondly, the researcher analyzed Freud's Psychosexual Development theory. Freud discovered that the mental disturbances that his patients experienced often revolved around the sexual conflicts which were repressed during their childhood. The researcher deeply decribes each of the five stages of this theory. Thirdly, the researcher analyzes Cognitive Development theory done by Jean Piaget, a Swiss psychologist. Children’s way of perceiving and mentally representing the world is the fo cus of cognitive development theory. Four stages of this theory were discussed in the research paper. Fourth theory analyzed by the researcher and presented in the paper was Kohlberg’s Moral Development theory. The researcher describes that Kohlberg developed the theory that tried to encompass those ideas which were not addressed in Piaget’s theory. Kohlberg has explained the moral development in three levels, consisting of two stages each. The levels and the stages are described in the research paper as well.

Buchanan- Human Status and Moral Enhancement (Summary 2nd Half) Essay

Buchanan- Human Status and Moral Enhancement (Summary 2nd Half) - Essay Example Buchanan treats this larger question under two subsets, the first of which deals with the question â€Å"If enhancement did result in posthumans, what implications would this have for the concept of human rights: would it make that concept obsolete, as some have claimed; and if it did, would this be a moral catastrophe, as they have intimated?†. The second subset, which and the further sections are under analysis in this paper, deals with the question â€Å"Could the emergence of post humans result in there being a moral status higher than that of persons and hence require a rejection of the widely held Moral Equality Assumption, the assumption that all who have the characteristics sufficient for being persons are of equal moral status?† (353). The second question which rather addresses the concerns regarding privileging the enhanced group of persons – post persons – and thus resulting in a higher moral status raises questions regarding the very basic assumptions regarding moral equality. Buchanan, in the second section, contemplates on this basic assumption and challenges those concerns on the basis of the â€Å"inviolability†, which should be understood as a threshold concept, of this assumption (363-364). That greater â€Å"personhood† does not confer â€Å"greater inviolability† seems to question the belief that ‘persons’’ interests might be sacrificed in the interests of the ‘post persons’ (364). Even in times of â€Å"supreme emergency† when persons might literally have to be sacrificed for the benefit of many it does not follow that there is a difference between the values of the former and the latter (364). Buchanan justifies himself by refe rring to instances of racism, ethnic minorities, developmental and physical disabilities etc., where similar concerns popped up and were dealt with on the basis of the

Flexural Response of Concrete Structures

Flexural Response of Concrete Structures Literature Review Introduction This chapter provides a literature review on the previous studies that have been conducted on the flexural response of FRP/FRC structures. Previous studies related to the effect of using discrete fibers on the concrete properties are first presented with a focus on the use of non-metallic fibers. Later in the chapter, previous studies conducted on continuous FRP-reinforced structures are presented. The chapter ends with a presentation on the research needs and the current research objectives. Fiber-reinforced concrete Background Concrete is known for its superior compressive capabilities. However, it has certain deficiencies like weak tensile strength, low durability, and brittleness. The high demand on more resilient concrete with better durability properties led to the development of fiber-reinforced concrete. Adding discrete fibers to concrete mixtures helps in bridging the micro and macro cracks. The random distribution of fibers resists the propagation of cracks in all directions unlike the longitudinal reinforcing bars that resist in only one direction. Fiber bridging allows stress to be transferred across the cracks, enhancing both flexure and shear resistance. In addition, fiber bridging enhances crack controlling by reducing the crack width and spacing. These enhancements result in better post-cracking ductility and energy absorption capacity. Fiber types Fibers are added to concrete mix to restrict the growth of cracks. Several types of fibers are commonly used in concrete construction. These fibers can be metallic like steel fibers, synthetic as polypropylene or natural like jute. The first two types of fibers are the most commonly used in civil engineering applications. Metallic fibers are known for their high ultimate strength, while the alkaline resistance of synthetic fibers makes them suitable for harsh environments. The usage of fibers depends on the required behavior of concrete. A comparison between the physical properties of different fibers is found in table 2-1. Metallic fibers Steel fibers are the most common metallic fibers, and the most frequently used fibers in concrete structures. They are known for their high tensile strength, availability and their reasonable cost.   Their high strength enhances the post-cracking behaviour of the concrete. This enhancement boosts concrete ability to control cracks and shrinkage. Different shapes and geometries are available to use in market. The typical diameter varies between 0.10 to 1 mm. Steel fibers could be straight, end-hooked, crimped, and flattened-end (Figure 2-1); this versatility helps in fulfilling market needs. Figure 2- 1: Various steel fibers shapes (Susetyo, 2009) Synthetic fibers Recently, the desire to use synthetic fibers, as an additional reinforcement for concrete,  Ã‚   has significantly grown. Known for their resistance for alkaline conditions, synthetic fibers became an attractive substitute for steel fibers in concrete applications.   In addition, they are chemically inert and have high melting point, which make them appropriate for structures subjected to aggressive environmental attacks. Synthetic fibers, figure 2-2, can be categorized according to their modulus of elasticity. Except for carbon and kelvar fibers, most of the synthetic fibers fall in low modulus of elasticity category, such as polypropylene, polyester and nylon. Synthetic fibers are very flexible, which prevent fibers from sticking or breaking during concrete pumping. Figure 2- 2: Synthetic fiber (adapted from testilelearner.ca) Natural fibers Fibers extracted from animals, such as hair and jute, are the oldest type of fibers used in fiber reinforced concrete. Comparing with their fibers counterparts, they are considered cheap, eco-friendly and available in many countries. With the implementation of new technology, fibers could be extracted from new sources such as basalt rocks. Due to their high resistivity to alkalis and acids, basalt fibers (Figure2-3), made themselves an appropriate candidate for concrete applications. Recent studies conducted by Jianxun Ma et al (2012) and Kizilkanat et al (2015), demonstrated the ability of basalt fibers to enhance the durability and post cracking behavior of concrete. Figure 2- 3: Basalt fibers (adapted from technobaslat.com) Table 2-1: Different fibers and their properties Fiber Diameter Youngs Modulus Tensile strength Type mm GPa MPa Metallic Steel 0.10-1.0 180-200 700-1800 Synthetic Polypropylene 0.02-1.0 5 450 Polyester 0.01-0.10 10-150 150-3000 Kelvar 0.01-0.03 50-70 3500-4000 Natural Wood 0.02-0.15 10-50 300-1000 Jute 0.10-0.20 25-35 250-350 Factors affecting the properties of FRC Fiber volume fraction The amount of fibers added to a concrete mix is measured as a percentage of the total volume of concrete and fibers. This percentage is called fiber volume fraction (Vf).   It generally ranges from 0.5 to 3%. Previous studies showed that the fiber volume fraction is the most influencing parameter on the properties of FRC. It has been shown that increasing the fiber volume fraction enhances the compressive strength, the post-cracking behavior, and the ductility of the concrete element (Jianxun Ma et al., 2012). The increase in the fiber content increases the probability of intersecting the cracks and therefore boosts the ability of concrete to resist cracks. However, higher fiber contents could lead to workability loss and segregation of the concrete constituents. Problems associated with the high fiber content occur as a result of the decreased paste volume fraction available for the free movements of the fibers and aggregates. Kakooei et al. (2012) investigated the properties of concrete mixes reinforced with polypropylene fibers. The concrete compressive strength, its permeability, and its electric resistivity were evaluated. The fibers were added in amounts that ranged between 0 to 2 kg per cubic meter. It was reported that concrete samples with 1.5 kg per cubic meter of polypropylene fibers showed better results in comparison with other samples. The concrete compressive strength was found to be proportional to the amount of fibers added in the mix. The study conducted by Jianxun Ma et al (2012) on the influence of basalt fiber content (added in amounts of 1 to 3%) on the physical and mechanical properties of traditional cement-based materials. Fluidity and cube compressive strength tests were carried out. Test results showed that the above-mentioned properties were inversely proportional to the added fiber content. In addition, it was proven that the toughness index was directly proportional to the fiber content up to 2%. Kizilkanat et al (2015) studied the effect of fiber dosage of basalt and glass fibers on the mechanical properties of FRC. Basalt fiber reinforced concrete (BFRC) specimens showed the highest compressive strength at 0.50% whereas the glass fiber reinforced concrete (GFRC) showed the highest compressive strength at 0.75%. Both mixes showed a reduction in their modulus of elasticity with the increase of the fiber dosage. A40% increase in the splitting tensile strength was observed in the BFRC mix at 1.0%. The increase in the flexure strength was more pronounced in the BFRC mix and was directly proportional to the fiber dosage used. BFRC specimens showed flexural strengths13 and 34% higher than those of the plain concrete specimens at Vf= 0.5 and 1%, respectively. On the other hand, GFRC specimens showed marginal increase in their flexural strengths with Vf= 0.5%. Fiber dosage of 0.25% had no effect on the fracture energy for both types of mixes. However, the fracture energy increased b y 50% at Vf=1% in both mixtures. Fiber aspect ratio Fiber aspect ratio is defined as the ratio of the fiber length to its diameter (.Previous studies havedemonstrated that the fiber aspect ratio affected the properties of fiber reinforced concrete. High aspect ratios enhance the bond between the fiber and the matrix, which creates a stiff matrix and enhances the bonding between concrete and fibers. Shah and Rangan (1971) stated that the higher the aspect ratio the greater the ability of fibers to transmit stresses through cracks. Iyer et al. (2014) evaluated the 28-day compressive strength and modulus of rupture of basalt fiber reinforced concrete beams. Specimens had different volume fractions and aspect ratios (same diameters but varying lengths). Plain concrete and steel fiber reinforcement specimens were cast as references. It was found that increasing the fiber length and the fiber amount considerably reduced the workability of concrete. The fiber length had an insignificant effect on the modulus of rupture and the compressive strength of concrete when low percentages of fibers were used. For high fiber percentages, the results showed an increase in the modulus of rupture with the increase of the fiber length. The study showed that a major improvement in the compressive strength could be achieved by using 36 mm basalt fibers with Vf = 0.31% but not as high as steel fiber reinforced concrete specimens. Fiber geometry Commercially-available fibers have different shapes namely, straight, end-hooked, crimped, and flattened-end (Fig XXX). Recent experimental studies by Susetyo (2009) showed that concrete matrices reinforced with shorter fibers have higher deformation ductility and better crack control over those with long fibers. This was attributed to the large amounts of short fibres that could exist within the matrix, which improves the concrete ability to control cracks and bridge the tensile stresses across the cracks. Figure 2- 4: Commercially available steel fibers (adapted from steelfiber.org) A study by Branston et al. (2016) investigated the mechanical properties of two types of basalt fibers (chopped basalt fibers and minibars). It was observed that adding chopped basalt fibers retarded the first crack but had no effect on either the compressive strength or the post cracking behavior. Further examination using scanning electronic microscope showed that the chopped basalt fiber specimens failed due to rupture of the fibers while the minibars-reinforced specimens failed due to fibers pullout. Figure 2- 5 Chopped basalt fibers and Minibars used in Banstons experiment Basalt fiber reinforced polymer (BFRP) bar This section reports on the use of continuous fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) bars in reinforcing concrete elements. Due to the wide range of FRP types that are commercially available, this section will focus on the recently developed basalt FRP (BFRP) bars and their use as reinforcing bars for concrete sections. BFRP bars are the newest members in the FRP bars family. They consist of basalt fibers impregnated in polymeric resin. The fibers are extracted from natural basalt rocks through a melting process. They are known for their high tensile strength, high modulus, and large strain to failure. Furthermore, they are known for their better durability and chemical stability over their glass FRP (GFRP) counterparts, which make them adequate for use in alkaline environments. To date, few studies have focused on the use of BFRP bars as internal reinforcement. The literature presented below is divided to three main sections as follows: Literature on the durability of BFRP bars; Literature on concrete elements reinforced with BFRP bars; and Literature on concrete elements with fiber-reinforced concrete (FRC) reinforced longitudinally with BFRP bars. Durability of BFRP bars El Refai et al (2015) investigated the bond performance of BFRP bars to concrete through direct pullout test. Cylinders reinforced with glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) were cast for comparative purposes. Different diameters of BFRP and GFRP bars, with variable embedment length in concrete, were used in this study. Results proved that BFRP bars could be a proper alternative for GFRP bars; as they attained 75% of GFRP bond strength. Smaller diameters of BFRP bars were more adhesive to concrete over the larger bars. This adhesion led to better bond between the concrete and the BFRP bars. It was noticed that BFRP and GFRP bars had similar trend regarding the effect of embedment length on the bond stress; as bond strength of both bars were inversely proportional with the embedment length. Altalmas et al (2015) studied the effect of various environmental conditions on the bond strength of pullout concrete cubes reinforced with sand-coated BFRP bars. Acid, saline and alkaline solutions were used to simulate different harsh environmental conditions.   The program consisted of 62 cube specimens reinforced with either BFRP or GFRP bars. Specimens were either unconditioned or subjected to exposure conditions for 30, 50 and 90 days. Results showed that BFRP specimens had better bond strength with concrete over the ribbed GFRP specimens, regardless the exposure condition,. BFRP specimens subjected for saline and alkaline solutions showed a 25% bond reduction after 90 days, while 14% reduction were reported for those immersed in acidic solution for the same duration of exposure. 25% bond loss was the highest bond reduction reported by GFRP specimens after 90 days. This reduction was reported by the specimens submerged in acidic solution, while 17% reduction was observed for specimens subjected to saline and alkaline conditions. Elgabbas et al (2015) investigated the short- and long-term properties of three different types of BFRP. The bars were conditioned in alkaline solution simulating the concrete environment to assess their ability as an internal reinforcement for concrete elements. The physical and mechanical properties of the bars were determined according to ACI-440 and CSA-807 test procedures. Concerning the short-term properties, the results showed that BFRP bars met the physical and mechanical requirements stated by ACI and CSA and could be placed in the same category as grade II and grade III GFRP bars. However, the long-term mechanical properties for the alkali-conditioned specimens showed significant degradation.   Scanning electronic microscopy (SEM) confirmed that this degradation was attributed to the poor bonding between the resin and the fiber. Hassan et al. (2016) studied the bond durability of BFRP bars embedded in concrete in aggressive environments. A total of 50 BFRP specimens were immersed in alkaline solution at three different elevated temperatures (40, 50, and 60o C) for 1.5, 3, and 6 months. Five unconditioned specimens were tested at room temperature 28 days after casting for comparative purposes. The bond strength generally increased with the increase in the surrounding temperature. Exposure for 1.5 months increased the bond strengths by 25% and 26% in the specimens conditioned at 50 and 60oC, respectively, whereas a minor reduction in the bond strength (about 4%) was recorded for specimens conditioned at 40. Specimens conditioned for6 months at 40 had the maximal bond loss (about 16%). However, all specimens met the minimum bond strength reported by ACI 440.6 and CSA-S807. Depending on the environmental conditions, the long-term bond-strength-retention predications of the BFRP bars after 50 years of service lif e ranged from 71% to 92%, Durability of BFRP bars Mahroug et al. (2013) studied the flexural response of simple and continuous slabs reinforced with BFRP bars. A total of 6 slabs having different reinforcement ratios and bars arrangement were tested in flexure. One continuously supported slab reinforced with steel bars was also tested as a reference slab. Results showed that slab reinforced with BFRP bars had higher deflections with deeper cracks than the reference slab. Over-reinforced BFRP-reinforced slabs showed higher loading carrying capacity. The authors reported that ACI 440.1R-06 overestimated the flexural capacity in most of BFRP-reinforced concrete slabs. ISIS-M03-07 and CSA-S806-06 reasonably predicted the deflections of the BFRP-reinforced slabs whereas ACI 440-1R-06 underestimated their deflections. Lapko and UrbanÃÅ' ski (2014) presented a comparative analysis of experimental and theoretical analysis of concrete beams reinforced with BFRP bars. The research consisted of three beams reinforced with BFRP bars and three reference beams reinforced with conventional steel bars. The results showed that the BFRP-reinforced beams showed higher deflections and crack width in comparison with their steel-reinforced counterparts. CSA806-02 accurately predicted the beam deflections at the initial loading level (up to 20% of critical load) with 9% discrepancy between the theoretical and experimental deflections. As the load increased, the CSA806-02 showed large discrepancy between the theoretical and the experimental deflections (up to 49%). Deflections based on the provision of ISIS (2007) and and by modified equation of Bischoff were the most accurate throughout all phases of loading. PawÅ‚owskia and SzumigaÅ‚aa (2015) investigated the flexural behavior of full-scale BFRP-reinforced beams. Three beams with different reinforcement ratios were tested until failure. Results showed that BFRP-reinforced beams having high reinforcement ratios experienced higher ultimate loads and stiffness that those having low reinforcement ratios. However, the former beams showed less ductility than the later ones. It was proven that the flexural design of BFRP-reinforced members is governed by serviceability limits since the ultimate deflections of beams were six times greater than the permissible values. Numerical analysis using ABAQUS showed a good agreement with the experimental results. Zhang et al. (2015) studied the flexural deflections of concrete beams reinforced with BFRP bars. Six beams reinforced with different ratios in addition to one control steel-reinforced beam were tested under four point loading. Results showed that BFRP-reinforced beams exhibited brittle failure especially the under-reinforced beams. ACI 440.1R-06 accurately predicted the flexure capacities of the beams but underestimated their deflection capacities. A modified equation considering the influence of the increased compressive zone was proposed. This equation showed higher accuracy in predicting the deflections of the BFRP-reinforced beams than the ACI equation. Finite element modeling (FEM) using ABAQUS package was used to model the BFRP-reinforced beams and showed good agreement with the experimental results. Elgabbas et al (2016) investigated the structure performance of six concrete beams reinforced with BFRP bars. The beams had different reinforcement ratios, number of reinforcement layers, and bar sizes. It was found that the ACI and CSA overestimated the cracking moment by an average of 27% and 24%, respectively. The average bond-dependent coefficient (kb) was estimated at 0.8, which was in agreement with the recommendation of the Canadian Highway Bridge Design Code. The obtained results confirmed that the pre-cracking response of all beams was similar until cracking occurred with no evidence of being affected by the reinforcement ratio. However, after cracking, it was reported that beams with higher reinforcement ratios had better crack distribution and less crack width. The authors concluded that CSA provisions provided reasonable deflection yet conservative values over the ACI for beams reinforced with BFRP. Tomlinson and Fam (2015) evaluated the flexural and shear performances for concrete beams reinforced with BFRP bars and stirrups.   A total of nine specimens were reinforced with BFRP bars were tested under four-point loading. Steel reinforced specimens were cast for comparison purposes. The parameters investigated included the type of stirrups (steel or BFRP) and the reinforcement ratio (varying from 0.28 to 1.60). Results showed that the service and ultimate loads of BFRP specimens were directly proportional to the flexural reinforcement ratio, regardless the shear reinforcement type.   In addition, BFRP-reinforced beams showed significantly higher strengths (2.8 times) in comparison with their steel-reinforced counterparts having the same reinforcement ratio. ACI and CSA adequately predicted the flexural strength of the BFRP-reinforced beams. Ge et al. (2015) studied the flexural behavior of hybrid concrete beams reinforced with BFRP and steel bars. Three hybrid concrete beams reinforced with BFRP bars and steel bars, one concrete beam reinforced with BFRP bars and one concrete beam reinforced with steel bars were cast. Results showed that the ratio between the area of FRP bars to that of steel bars () governed the deflection and the crack spacing properties of the hybrid beams, as both decreased with the increase of this ratio. It was observed that under same loading, the deflection and crack spacing were maximal in the BFRP-reinforced beams and minimal in the steel-reinforced ones. Hybrid beams showed deflections less than those encountered in the BFRP-reinforced beams but higher than those of the steel-reinforced ones. It was also proven that the average crack spacing calculation theory is valid for hybrid-reinforced beams, while a new formula for calculating the flexural capacity was proposed for those beams. Hybrid FRC/FRP specimens Won et al (2010) investigated the flexural cracks of 16 beams reinforced with FRP bars. Parameters used in this study were the reinforcement bars type (GFRP or CFRP) and the reinforcement ratio. Steel reinforced specimens were cast for comparative purposes. 1% by volume of crimped polypropylene fibers was added to the concrete mix. Results showed that adding polypropylene fibers enhanced the cracking response of the concrete. However, it reduced its compressive strength by 23%, in comparison with the plain concrete. Both GFRP and CFRP under-reinforced FRC beams had smaller cracks, while the over-reinforced ones had an increased number of cracks formed. Polypropylene fibers didnt have much of an effect on steel reinforced specimens; as beams with plain concrete and with FRC had similar cracking response. A total of 36 specimens were fabricated by Belrabi et al. (2011) to investigate the effect of environmental exposure on the long-term bond behavior of FRP/FRC structures. Specimens were subjected to combined freez eand thaw cycles and high temperature while being submerged in salt solution. FRP bars in plain concrete were subjected to the same environmental conditions for comparative purposes. It was found that 0.5% of polypropylene fibers significantly enhanced the bond durability. An average of 28% reduction in bond strength was observed for FRP bars in plain concrete whereas only 6% reduction was observed for FRC specimens. Furthermore, 26% average reduction in design bond strength was reported for plain concrete specimens while only 10% reduction was reported for FRC specimens. Wang and Belarbi (2013) investigated the long-term flexural performance of FRP/FRC beams. Beams cast with plain concrete served as controls. Twenty-six over-reinforced concrete beams were subjected to freeze and thaw cycles followed by high temperature cycles before being tested in flexure. It was reported that all specimens failed due to concrete crushing. Results showed that conditioning had slight effect on the flexural capacities of both plain and FRC beams. However, 0.5% of polypropylene fibers enhanced the ductility index of both conditioned and unconditioned specimens by an average of 30%. Wang and Belrab (2015) conducted a research to investigate the possibility of using steel-free system to overcome corrosion problems associated with steel.   Their systems consisted of hybrid CFRP/GFRP bars and 0.5% randomly distributed polypropylene fibers. A total of 12 over-reinforced specimens were subjected to four-point loading configuration. The investigated parameters included the size and type of FRP bars and the concrete mix (FRC and plain concrete). All plain concrete specimens failed by concrete crushing. However, FRC beams failed in a more ductile behavior that was attributed to the bridging effect of the added fibers. Results showed that the fibers had significantly enhanced the concrete ultimate stain to an average of 3,300 micro-strains while 2,950 micros-trains were measured in theplain concrete beams. The addition of fibers improved the flexural capacity for the FRC beams up to 9% and the ultimate deflection up to 27%. High et al. (2015) conducted an experimental program to investigate the use of BFRP bars as flexural reinforcement for concrete members. In addition, they studied the effect of using chopped basalt fibers as an additive to enhance the mechanical properties of concrete. Six one-way slabs reinforced with BFRP bars were tested in flexure and their results were compared with those predicted by ACI 440.1R-06.Under-reinforced slabs showed a lower carrying capacity than the balanced and over-reinforced slabs due to the rupture of BFRP bars.   It was proven that ACI 440.1R-06 adequately predicted the flexure capacities of the slabs but significantly underestimated the deflections at service loads. More precise deflection values were predicted by using the equation proposed by Bischoff and Gross (2011) while neglecting the effect of tension stiffening. The use of chopped basalt fiber resulted in an increase in the modulus of rupture of concrete with a slight effect on the compressive streng th. Conclusions: A summary of the previous studies that have been carried out on the flexural response of concrete structures reinforced with FRP, FRC or hybrid has been presented. Parameters recognized to have a significant effect on the behaviour of these elements are identified. The previous studies were categorized the reinforcement type; FRC, FRP or hybrid. An overall review on the factors affecting the behaviour of FRC is presented with a focus on non-metallic fibers. In addition, factors making non-metallic fibers more preferable than metallic fibers are highlighted. From the previous literature review, the following points are concluded: The presence of fibers in concrete has a great influence on the behavior of concrete structures. They have been successfully known for their ability to control cracks and shrinkage and enhance the post-cracking behavior. Those enhancements occur as a result of the bridge action caused by fibers. Fiber volume fraction is the most influencing parameter on the properties of FRC. Sufficient fibers are required to enhance the bridging action, while excessive fibers could lead to workability and segregation issues. Synthetic fibers are considered a promising candidate for reinforcing concrete structures. Owing to their alkaline resistivity, high melting point and high tensile strength, they are measured as a promising replacement for steel fibers in reinforcement concrete applications. Aspect ratio of the fiber is another important factor which influences the behavior of FRC. It has been reported that compressive strength and concrete toughness are considerably affected by the aspect ratio of fibers used in the concrete mix. The type of bars used as flexural reinforcement has a major effect on the behavior of the concrete elements. This occurs due to the variance in the physical and mechanical properties of the materials used in forming the bars. Reinforcement ratio is a significant parameter in BFRP concrete structures. It was found that specimens having high reinforcement ratios experienced higher ultimate loads and stiffness. ACI 440.1R-06 and CSA S806-06 were accurate in predicting the flexure capacities of BFRP structures however, they underestimated their deflection capacities. There is a noticeable lack of studies on the flexural response of BFRP slabs in the presence of basalt mini-bars. Among the few studies, this mentioned hybrid system proved to be efficient in enhancing the compressive strength of the concrete and improving its overall durability. None of the previous studies has investigated the effect of different fiber volume ratios of basalt mini-bars on the behavior of concrete structures reinforced with BFRP bars. None of the previous studies has developed a numerical model that is capable to simulate the flexural response of BFRP reinforced concrete structures in the presence of different volume fractions of basalt mini-bars. Research objectives: The overall objective of the current study is to investigate the flexural response of BFRP slabs reinforced with different volumetric ratios of basalt mini-bars. The detailed procedures of the current study are presented